Gain
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The amount a signal is amplified with respect to its original measured strength. Often measured in dB and is sometimes called Amplification
Source: A.T.E. Solutions, Inc.
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The value by which every pixel is multiplied to achieve a histogram stretching operation.
Source: Datacube
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Gain Bandwidth Product
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A device parameter that indicates the maximum possible product of gain and bandwidth. The gain bandwidth product of a device is equal to the unity gain frequency (f unity) of the device.
Source: Twisted Pair
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Gain Error
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A measure of difference between the actual gain of an amplifier and the specified gain.
Source: Measurement Computing
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The degree to which the gain varies from the ideal, specified in percent of reading or ppm (parts per million) of reading. The after-calibration specification shows the maximum gain error that will occur when the board is calibrated properly. A before-calibration specification is also given so that you will know the worst-case error that can occur, even if the board is not calibrated. The before-calibration specification also includes the range of calibration of which the onboard circuitry is capable. The specification also shows the error that will occur when the board is calibrated at a gain of 1 and used at a different gain.
Source: National Instruments
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Gallium Arsenide
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(GaAs) -
A 3:5 valence high-speed semiconductor formed from a mixture of gallium and arsenic. GaAs transistors are approximately eight times faster than their silicon equivalents and use approximately one tenth of the power, but the material is difficult to manufacture and to work with.
Source: Maxfield & Montrose Interactive Inc.
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Galvanic Isolation
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Galvanic isolation separates measurement signals and measurement device from each other. This function is selected for different reasons. The main reason is to secure the measuring device and the user from external high voltage potentials. Galvanic isolation also prevents measurement system from miss-use to connected system.
Source: CMT Engineering Oy
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Galvanometer
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An instrument for detecting and measuring a small electric current by movements of a magnetic needle or of a coil in a magnetic field.
Source: JML Optical
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Gamma
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The emitter-to-base current ratio in a common-collector configuration.
Source: Interface Bus
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Ganged
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Mechanical coupling of two or more capacitors, switches, potentiometers, or any other adjustable components so that adjusting one control will operate all.
Source: Twisted Pair
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Gate Array
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An application-specific integrated circuit in which the manufacturer pre-fabricates devices containing arrays of unconnected components organized in groups called basic cells. The designer specifies the function of the device in terms of cells from the cell library and the connections between them, and the manufacturer then generates the masks used to create the metalization layers.
Source: Maxfield & Montrose Interactive Inc.
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Simple type of ASIC used in creating small density semi-custom designs by interconnecting fixed blocks of logic.
Source: Xilinx
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Gate Oxide Breakdown
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A failure mechanism in which current causes a slow breakdown of the gate dielectric, which can lead to failures.
Source: EDN Magazine
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Gateway
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A device connecting different networks, especially those using different standards or protocols. Gateways are an essential part of the Internet, as they allow systems that know nothing about each to other exchange information.
Source: HostPulse
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Gating
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The process of selecting those portions of a wave that exist during one or more selected time intervals or that have magnitudes between selected limits. Also, the application of a specific waveform to perform electronic switching.
Source: Interface Bus
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Gauss (unit)
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(G) -
the cgs unit of magnetic flux density or magnetic induction (B), named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss. One gauss is defined as one maxwell per square centimetre.
For many years the term gauss was used to designate that unit of magnetic field intensity which is now known as the oersted. This change in terminology, established by the IEC in 1930 [1], was introduced to distinguish between magnetic induction and magnetic intensity as physical magnitudes.
The International System unit of magnetic flux density is the tesla. One gauss is equal to .0001 tesla.
1 T = 10 000 G
1 G = 0.1 mT
Source: Wikipedia
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Gaussian Best Fit
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One of the most frequently used best-fit methods is the Gaussian best-fit. In this case, the form element is selected so that the dispersion, i.e. the sum of the squares of the deviations of the measuring points from the form element, is minimized.
Source: Carl Zeiss
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Gaussian Function
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A mathematical function used to design a filter which passes a step function with zero overshoot with maximum rise time. Similar to a Bessel Function filter.
Source: K&L Microwave
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Gaussian Optics
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Optical characteristics limited to infinitesimally small pencils of light; also called paraxial or first-order optics.
Source: JML Optical
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Geiger Counter
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Device used to detect nuclear particles.
Source: Twisted Pair
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General Purpose Electronic Test Equipment
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(GPETE) -
Test equipment that has the capability, without modification, to generate, modify, or measure a range of electronic functions required to test several equipments or systems of basically different designs.
Source: Interface Bus
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General Purpose Interface Bus
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(GPIB) -
The common name for the communications interface system defined in ANSI/IEEE Standard 488.1-1987.
Source: IVI Foundation
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Generator
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Device used to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy.
Source: Twisted Pair
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